Jezik in slovstvo

Kodni sistem
Slovenska književnost
Avtorji
Uredništvo <-> bralci

Jezik in slovstvo
Povzetki

Marko Jesenšek

Jezikovni sistemi v slovenskem (alpskem in panonskem) govornem območju
Linguistic Systems in the Slovene-speaking (Alpine and Pannonian) Area

Slovenski sinopsis
English synopsis
English summary

Slovenski sinopsis

Avtor ugotavlja, da sta v 18. stol. obstajala na današnjem slovenskem ozemlju dva knjižna jezika --- osrednjeslovenski in vzhodnoslovenski. Temeljne značilnosti je osrednjeslovenskemu jeziku določil že P. Trubar, pravopisno in jezikovno ga je izpopolnil S. Krelj, dokončno podobo pa je dobil z Dalmatinovim prevodom Biblije. V 17. stol. se je razširil med slovensko izobraženstvo, v 18. stol. pa je prišel tudi v šole.

Vzhodnoslovenski knjižni jezik pa je rasel iz tradicije nekdanje panonske slovenščine, bil pod močnim nemškim, madžarskim in kajkavskim vplivom, končno pa sta se izoblikovali dve različici --- prekmurska in vzhodnoštajerska. Avtor ugotavlja, da so se s pomočjo obrednega jezika ohranile razlike med obema jezikovnima sistemoma, dokler se v 18. stol. tudi prekmurski jezik ni uveljavil v tiskani obliki, veliko kasneje --- v 19. stol. pa s svojimi oblikami obogatil osrednji knjižni jezik in se z njim zlil v celoto.

English synopsis

The author maintains that there were two literary languages used on the present Slovene territory in the 18th century: the Central and the Eastern Slovene. The basic characteristics of the Central Slovene were described already by P. Trubar, S. Krelj completed it as far as the spelling and language are concerned, while it was given the final form by Dalmatin's translation of the Bible. In the 17th century it was increasingly used among the Slovene intelligentsia, and in the 18th century it was introduced into schools.

The Eastern Slovene literary language grew from the tradition of the former Pannonian Slovene, was under a strong German, Hungarian and Kajkavian influence, for two variants to be formed: the Prekmurje and the Eastern Styrian one. The author further points to the fact that differences between the two linguistic systems had been preserved with the help of the liturgic language until the 18th century, when the language from Prekmurje established itself in print. Much later, in the 19th century, it enriched the Central Slovene literary language with its various forms and merged with it into a whole.

English summary

In the 18th century there were two standard literary languages, the Central and the Eastern Slovene, used on the territory which is now Slovene, but was then part of Austria and Hungary. Slovenes living in Austria spoke their Central Slovene language alongside with German and Latin, while those living in Hungary used the Eastern Slovene language in addition to Hungarian, Kajkavian and Latin.

Owing to historical reasons the Eastern Slovene language developed into two variants, the Eastern Styrian and the one in Prekmurje. The contacts between the two were weak.

While the Central Slovene and the Eastern Styrian literary languages were used both in religious and in secular print, no literary works were produced in the Prekmurje variant. Regardless of that, this variant of the Eastern Slovene language was on a high cultural level. In Š. Küzmič's ?Novi zakon? (?New Testament?) and in various Catholic works that followed it developed well beyond its dialectical framework, growing into a standardized supra-dialectical system with an expressive power that was equal to that of standard literary languages.