Jezik in slovstvo

Kodni sistem
Slovenska književnost
Avtorji
Uredništvo <-> bralci

Jezik in slovstvo
Povzetki

Monika Kalin Golob

čitna javnost in javna očitnost
Visible Public and Public Visibility

Slovenski sinopsis
English synopsis
English summary

Slovenski sinopsis

Članek poskuša prikazati kdaj in zakaj se v slovenskem knjižnem jeziku pojavita besedi javnost in javen ter njun nastanek povezuje z zanimivim pojavom pri prevzemanju iz slovanskih jezikov v drugi polovici 19. stoletja --- vsestranski razvoj družbenega življenja in strok v tem obdobju je vplival na razvoj jezika, ki se je moral prilagajati poimenovalnim potrebam. Pot besede javnost smo spremljali od njenih prvih pojavitev v časopisju, leposlovju in slovarjih druge polovice 19. st. pa do njene rabe v sodobnih družboslovnih strokah, ki so ji zaradi potrebe po natančnem poimenovanju spremenile slovnične lastnosti --- neštevni samostalnik so stroke začele uporabljati kot števni, tako da npr. poznamo zvezo odnos z javnostmi (za angleški strokovni izraz Public Relations -- PR).

English synopsis

The expressions javnost ('the public', n.) and javen ('public', adj.) appeared in standard literary Slovenian in the second half of the 19^th century, as part of the interesting phenomenon of borrowing from other Slavonic languages. The general development and expansion of social life and sciences in that period influenced also the development of language, which had to respond to the new naming needs. In the article, the word javnost is followed from its first appearances in newspapers, literature and dictionaries in the second half of the 19^th century, to its uses in present-day social sciences, where the requirements of precise naming changed its grammatical properties --- the originally uncountable noun has begun to be used as countable, as in the collocation odnosi z javnostmi (lit. 'relations with publics' for the English Public Relations).

English summary

The noun javnost ('the public') first appeared in Slovenian newspapers, literature and dictionaries in the second half of the 19^th century. Its use and semantic content have substantially evolved and diversified. It came into the language as a loan word from Serbo-Croatian in the process of borrowing to meet the increasing need for abstract words resulting from the intellectualization of life in the second half of the 19^th century (and which the evolving standard literary Slovenian language had to follow). Until the end of World War Two it was mainly used in the first two of its dictionary definitions (1. members of a socio-political community, esp. with when referring to their attitude to an event of phenomenon; 2. public life, activity). The socio-political changes after the war were reflected in an increased frequency of its use, esp. the emphasis on the public as the decisive factor in the criticism of and participation in the management of social and political life. In the 1990s, the development of social sciences changed the grammatical properties of the word, making the previously uncountable noun countable as it began to be used as an indicator of the non-homogeneous public (javnosti, 'the publics', in social sciences, esp. in the collocation odnosi z javnostmi, lit. 'relations with publics', which is the Slovenian technical term for the English Public Relations). Recently, its polysemic (and thus terminologically non-ideal) use has been discussed esp. in communicology. In the field, one of its semantic dimensions has come to be called javna sfera ('the public sphere'). Another term is javno mnenje ('the public opinion'), but other two meanings remain problematic. Even though they are contextually non-interchangeable, communicology has been trying to introduce a new term for one of the two meanings, as the current state of affairs causes problems in translating from English. The institution of terminological consensus makes this feasible.