Jezik in slovstvo

Kodni sistem
Slovenska književnost
Avtorji
Uredništvo <-> bralci

Jezik in slovstvo
Povzetki

Alenka Šivic-Dular

Skladenjska določitev lastnega imena
Linguistic Definition of the Proper Noun

Slovenski sinopsis
English synopsis
English summary

Slovenski sinopsis

V članku se razčlenjujejo znanstveni pogledi na skladenjsko vlogo sestavin I₁ in I₂ v besednih zvezah, sestavljenih iz dveh samostalnikov v imenovalniku (tip I₁-I₂), od katerih je sestavina I₂ lastnoimenska. Podana je skladenjska določitev lastnega imena.

English synopsis

The article analyzes scholary views of the syntactic function of the two components, N₁ and N₂, in noun phrases consisting of two nouns in the nominative case (type N₁-N₂) in grammars of Slavic languages and a syntactic definition of the process of onymization is given.

English summary

The article analyzes scholary views of the syntactic function of the two components, N₁ and N₂, in noun phrases consisting of two nouns in the nominative case (type N₁-N₂) in grammars of Slavic languages (Slovene, Croatian, Czech, Polish, and Russian); in particular, it scrutinizes the function of N₁ in phrases in which N₁ is a common noun and N₂ a proper noun (type reka Sava 'the river Sava'). Proceeding from Šmilauer's (ÚT: 161) definition that the meaning (i. e., the onomastic or functional meaning) of a proper noun is identical with the object named (in size, extent, characteristics, etc.), it is argued that the function of the common-name component N₁, optional in the (surface) syntactic structure (cf. reka Sava and Sava), is to make the functional meaning of the proper-name component N₂ explicit classwise (cf. reka Krka 'the river Krka' vs. vas Krka 'the village (of) Krka'). A common noun + proper noun phrase (such as, in Slovene, reka Sava) should thus be seen as the onomastic model of a proper noun. It is the analysis of the syntactic relationship between N₁ and N₂ in the onomastic model of the proper noun that offers insight into the process of onymization: it sheds light on what the transition of common nouns (nomina appellativa) to proper nouns (nomina propria) means from the linguistic point of view. If semantically onymization is a noun's transition from being a means of designating a class to being a means of designating a particular and, conversely, appellativization is a noun's transition from being a means of designating a class, then syntactically onymization is a noun's transition from its primary (i. e., of a syntactic head H) to its exclusively secondary function (i. e, of a modifier M), which can also be expressed by the following formula of onymization: common noun -> proper noun = function H -> function M.