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Kodni sistem
Slovenska knjizevnost
Avtorji
Urednistvo <-> bralci

Jezik in slovstvo
Povzetki
Jezik in slovstvo
Kazalo
Kazalo letnika
 


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Mateja Pezdirc Bartol

Vloga bralca v poglavitnih literarnoteoreticnih smereh 20. stoletja
The Role of the Reader in Major 20th-century Literary Theories


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Slovenski sinopsis
 - English synopsis
 - English summary
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 - Slovenski sinopsis

Clanek skusa sistematicno predstaviti najpomembnejse literarnoteoreticne smeri 20. stoletja, in sicer glede na to, kako v svoj metodoloski pristop vkljucujejo bralca, kaksno funkcijo mu pripisujejo pri tvorbi pomenov besedila, kako opredeljujejo status literarnega dela ipd. Ceprav bralca kot predmet literarne vede upostevajo vse smeri, pa postane srediscna kategorija raziskovanja sele konec 60. let z razvojem recepcijske estetike in teorije bralcevega odziva.

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 - English synopsis

The study is a survey of major 20th-century literary theories in terms of their treatment of the reader, the function they assign to the reader in the creation of a text's meanings, their views on the status of a literary text, etc. Although the reader is recognized as a relevant category by all literary schools, he becomes the focus of research only in the late 1960s with the development of the Reception Aesthetics and the Reader-Response Criticism.

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 - English summary

Though both writers and literary theoreticians have been aware of the reader's importance for centuries, in the past his role was little studied. In literary studies, the reader has been present from the beginning, but always at the margin of research. In the 19th century it was entirely overshadowed by the interest in the author, and in the first half of the 20th century by the interest in the text itself. Thus the reader became the central category of research only in the late 1960s, independently in two different parts of the world: in Germany with the development of the Reception Aesthetics at the University of Konstanz (H. R. Jauss, W. Iser) and in the United States with the Reader-Response Criticism (S. Fish, J. Culler, N. Holland). Both theories challenged the autonomy and self-sufficiency of the literary text and assigned the reader an active role in the creation of literary meaning. However, reader-centred theory is not a uniform and systematic field of research; it includes a number of different views and methods aimed at exploring questions like: does a literary text have an objective meaning; what conditions need to be fullfilled for a text to become meaningful for the reader; does the reader's understanding of a literary text depend on the historical situation; what processes are happening in the reader's mind during reading, etc.

The article surveys the major authors and texts of the Reception Aesthetics and the Reader-Response Criticism. Since the two theories developed as a response to earlier schools and theories and also significantly marked later ones, the role assigned to the reader in other relevant literary theories is also reviewed, thus in the British literary criticism of the 1920s and 1930s, the American New Criticism, the Russian formalism, structuralism, psychoanalytical theories and deconstruction.

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